Sheet-metal barrel.



H. W. AVERY & W. S. JUDD.

SHEET METAL BARREL.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 20, 190B. 972,797, Patented 0011211910.

2 SHEER-11311! 1.

H. W. AVERY & W. S. JUDD.

Patented Oct. 18,1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W66]: e 666 J UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY W. AVERY AND WALLACE S. J'UDD, OFCLEVELAND, OHIO.

mam-METAL 13mm.

whereby it is rendered possible to construct.

such barrels with a bilge; and it is further an object to make certain other improvements in the construction of metallic barrels by which the manufacture of such articles may be facilitated and the quality of the article improved, as will appear below.

Referring to the accompanying drawings,

which serve to illustrate our invention, Fig

ure- 1 is a perspective view of a sheet metal blank such as we use in the manufacture of a section of the barrel. Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the. sheet blank drawn downward to give the swell or barrel shape thereto,a bilge being formed in the center thereof during the drawing process. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the barrel section shown in Fig. 2 with a re'ntrant rib bent inwardly at the central zone or bilge por- 7 tion of the barrel. Fig. 4 is a fragmentary detail showing the barrel head, as it is first fitted onto the barrel end after the sections have been secured, the wearing band which is placed over the chime after the head is in position being shown adjacent to the chime in this figure. Fig. 5 is a side elevation partly broken away and partly in section showing the barrel after the longitudinal sections have been secured together,- the u per section bein shown as provided .with ong'itudinal sti ening flutes. Fig. 6

is a section on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a detailed section showing the reinforcband about the bilge of the barrel.

n the making of our barrel we have endeavored to produce a construction which shall be not a mere theoretical invention or one which may be made only at such an extraordinary cost as to be useless to the art,

or which would fail to have the ordinary capabilities of use which are demanded by the trade, but rather an article which shall be both possible to make by the present known methods of sheet metal drawing and having those features of construction which render it capable of taking the place of any ordinary barrel now in use, and shall be within the limit of cost imposed by the trade conditions.

In producing our barrel we use a sub: stantially rectangular sheet metal blank A such as that shown in Fig. 1, and draw it down to the shape of the half barrel section B shown in Fig. 2, in which the swell of half the barrel is given to the blank and the metal at the same time drawn down to give abilge C in the middle thereof. Preferably we draw a circumferential reentrant rib D into the bilge ortion of the section, increasing in depth om the edges of the section toward the center thereof. The edges D formed with the creation of this rib are parallel and serve as rolling edges when the barrel is on its side, in the event the band D be not used. This rib D is subsequently made of even depth throughout the entire circumference, after the two sections B are secured together, as will be seen in Fig. 6. This rib D is for the primary purpose of resistin the inward or collapsing pressure on the arrel, a matter of considerable importance when certain classes of oil are stored in metallic barrels, as is well known to persons familiar with such matters. For the purpose of resistance to the expansive pressure of the liquids and gases contained in the barrel, we prefer to place a band D, as shown in Fig. 5, around the barrel about the bilge and outside of the rib D, the ends of the band being secured in any suitable manner, and the band held against'endwise displacement by means of r1 s D fitted inside of and abutting against the edges D of the channel D behind the rib D. The band D is shown as perforated to allow free ex ansion of the air inclosed in the channel and to permit surplus coating material to flow out. This band is particularly valuable as giving a reinforced wearing surface at a part where the barrel is subjected to great wear. Further its use completes the bilge surface, making it ef fective for all the purposes for which a bilge is useful, such as tilting and spinning the barrel about on its side. 11 of these advantages of the perfect bilge shape are thus Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

E on the barrel section, to bealscd subscqneutly for formiuga seam with the mated section.

\Ve may provide longitudinal flutes or ribs F in the body of the sections, as is shown in Figs. 5 and 6, for the purpose of stiffening the sheet metal and increasing its resistance to distortion, but this is not an essential thing. The bung, if one is used, may be set into the central rib D of one of the sections after the manner shown in Fig. 5, and thus be out of the way so as not to inter fere with the handling or rolling the barrel. The two barrel sections may then be secured together by formin the double fold seam G shown in Fig. 6, w 'ich seam is rolled down tightly so as to form a liquid tight union between the two sections. -The rib D is then made the same depth at the double seam joint-of the two sections which it has in the center of each section, making a continuous rib of even depth. The barrel headsH are then secured in place. Thesebarrel heads are preferably shaped so as to be inset and lie within the end of the barrel body when in position, and are provided with a circum ferential roove I into which the edge of the barrel en shall be tightly fitted. After the barrel heads are in position a series of circumferentially disposed interlocking elevations and depressions R are made in the walls of the barrel body and the walls of the groove of the barrel head, which indentations serve to draw the metal joints even tighter and to securely hold the barrel ends in place. We also, preferably, place a grooved or hook-shaped channel rim J on the chime of'the barrel and shrink it thereon.

The band J is designed to reinforce the chime and receive-the great wear to which the barrel is subjected by being dropped on its ends. The exterior wall of the band J is perforated, the perforations receiving the bulging projections by which barrel body and head are interlocked. This barrel head secured in this manner we find to be far tighter than barrel heads secured by spinning process, since the spinning process rolls the metal ahead of the spinning chucks and loosens the joint. The finished barrel is then in condition to be handled in the manner in which any ordinary barrel is handled, since it has a bilge by WhlCh it may be tilted, chimes of roper strength to ermit of its being sto upon end, and a suitable rolling surface at its bilge, while the bung is inset so as not to interfere; with or be injured by the handling of the barrel.

It is found that this structure is exceedingly rigid and strong and is capable of withstandin" the roughest treatment and has practica y an unlimited life. We wish part cularly to call attention to the fact that this construction of barrel maybe made of full size with a bilge, by the present known "shape to form the sections.

methods of metal drawing, a thing which it is im ractical or too expensive to accomplish w1th an other pro osed structure of metallic barre Every s eet metal worker knows that it has been heretofore impractical to construct a barrel of ordinary size if the barrel were made of two transverse sections and the metal blanks be drawn in cup The strain would be too greatfor the material and the expense of spoiled metal would be too great, even if it were possible to occasionally accomplish the feat of successively shaping the blank into form. The amount of stretching, however, necessitated by our construction and method of, procedure, is so small that the bilge may be formed after,

the manner shown in Fig. 2 out of even galvanized sheet metal, if desired, wlthout endangerlng the coating in the least, whereas there is no other construction of bilgedv metallic barrel proposed which could possibly be made from a galvanized or metal coated blank, and, as every one is aware, the galvanizing or coating of the metal, after it has been shaped into the finished form, is a very expensive proposition for the barrel manufacturer to consider, and therefore such prior proposed constructions of barrels and such proposed methods of making barrels could not be properly called contributions to the art',*since they serve no pur- Wse whatever toward advancing the same.

e are aware that it has further been proposed, in addition to the making of small egs or articles of short depth out of drawn cup shaped, transverse sections, to roll a sheet into cylindrical form about the full size of a barrel and secure it with a seam at the meeting edges of the sheet. This, however, does' not produce an article .which is ofany valueto shi pers, since it is impossible to handle rea ily a barrel of full size of such construction owing to the lack of bilge. The principal demand for and use of'metal barrels Wlll be in shipment of oils and liquids which are quite heavy and which, when once stowed in a cylindrical barrel of full size, would be so unwieldy as to require two or more men to handle. It is therefore absolutely essential that a metallic barrel, in order to be of any utility in the field in which it is designed to be used, shall have a bilge, and the construction of barrel which we have designed is, so far as we are aware, the only construction by which it is possible to produce a barrel at low cost, of ordinary size, of sheet metal, which shall have a bil e.

Any construction of ilged metallic barrel heretofore roposed which involves stamping or pressing has necessaril been made of small pieces, in order to ta e care of thev suzglus metal which buckles up around the gesof what might be called the staves. All of the methods involvingstamping, pressing or rolling necessarily waste metal, as is well known to every person having1 any ractical knowledge of metal wor 'ng, t is waste either appearin in material s cared off, or inthe usual an unneoessar flutes in the barrel end (which are not only waste metal but interfere with a successful head joint) and also in the heavy slugs or thicknesses and buckles along the edges of the staves. Further, in any rolling method the barrel body must be removed from the rolls endwise, necessitating the removal of the standards. In rollin also, the weak spots in the metalwill be tEinned out, whereas b our drawing method the thickness is ma e the same throughout.

While the detailed im rovements, such as the rentrant rib about ti? and receiving t e bun and the im rovement in the method of securing the arrel end, are in themselves valuable, nevertheless we regard the method of sha ing and assemblln the barrel in longitu inal sections to bet e most important contribution to the practical manufacture of barrels, and it is to this that we desire to draw our claims broadly.

Having thus described our invention, we claim:

1. A longitudinal half barrel section formed of drawn metal, said section being of substantially equal thickness throughout and having a centrally drawn bilge, an havin along its longitudinal ed es, extending rom end to end, outwar 1y turned flanges.

2. A metallic bilge barrel formed of two draw-n longitudinal sections, the metal whereof is of substantially equal thickness throughout, each section having a centrally disposed bilge and havin turned fiangealong eacho its longitudinal edges, said sections bein secured together b seams'formed by doub e folding together t e said flanges.

3. A sheet metal barrel formed of two e center of the bar-. rel for the pur ose of stifi'ening the barrel an 'outwardly drawn longitudinal sections, the metal whereof is of substantially equal thickness throughout, each section being provided with a centrall dis osed bilge, and each section being orme with an outwardly turned flange along each of its longitudinal edges, and the two sections being secured together by a seam formed by doub e folding said outwardly turned flanges and by pressing the seam inward so that the outer surfaces of said seams are substantially re lar continuations of the curved surface 0 the barrel, and said barrel having in the centrally placed bilge a circumferential reentrant rib of substantially equal depth throu bout.

4. sheet metal barrel having a head fitted to the end of the body portion, one of said arts being provided wit a groove into which the ed of the other part is fitted, and a channe band fitted over the chime formed by the head and the end of the body, said channel band havin perforations through one side thereof an cnmps or corru atlons formed through the overlapping thicknesses of the chime and projecting into the said erforations.

5. A s eet metal barrel section having a drawn bilge in the middle ortion thereof and an inset stiffening rib aving its full depth at the middle ortion of the section and diminishing in epth toward its ends near the edges of the section where i t becomes flush with the bod 6. A sheet metal barrel section having a drawn bilge therein and outwardly directed flanges at each edge, a stifi'enin rib for the said section having its full middle portion thereof and diminishing in depth toward its ends at the edge of the section where it becomes flush with the body.

In testimony whereof we hereunto aflix our signatures in the presence of two witnesses.

HENRY W. AVERY. WALLACE S. JUDD. Witnesses:

E. B. GILCHRIST, H. R. SULLIVAN.

epth at the 

